SEROPREVALENCE OF HBV, HCV AND HIV AMONG VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONORS AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN BAUCHI, NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA

Alkali Mohammed*, Jibrin Bara Yusuf, Okon Kenneth Okwong and Mustapha Sabo Umar

ABSTRACT

Background; Blood donation and transfusion are an integral part of effective healthcare delivery and transmissible infections remain a public health problem. Post transfusion infection has its consequential effect on transmission and morbidity and mortality rate. This retrospective study examined the seroprevalence of viral transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs) among voluntary donors in our hospital, Methodology;- 15,000 voluntary/ family replacement donors data over a 15 month period were extracted from the Blood bank record of ATBUTH. .Screening was based on the WHO and FMOH guidelines. .Biotest Hangzhou (HBV/HCV) Biotech, China and Determine (HIV 1/2) Abbort Japan test kits were used. SPSS version 20 was utilized for Data analysis. Results; Overall, 8.0% seropositivity of at least a pathogen was recorded, segregated as follows, HBV 7.0%(n=1072), HCV 0.7%( n=133) and HIV 0.2%(n=33) respectively. Male donors 98.3%(n=14997) dominate compared to female 0.02%(n=3). The seroprevalence of HBV and age-group(p<0.0001) and occupation of the donors(p<0.0001) were statistically significant. High frequency of donors was recorded within the age-group 21-30 and 31-40 years, HBV(48.3%, 31.4%), HCV(34%, 39.8%) and HIV(33.3%, 36.4%). 99.9% of the males were positive for HBV, 100% for HCV and HIV while one female tested positive for HBV. Businessmen and artisan displayed high rate of TTIs in contrast to farmers for HCV. Co-infections of HBV and HCV accounts for most cases recorded. Conclusion; The relatively high seropositivity of HBV, compared to HCV and HIV still constitute a public health problem considering the high request for blood transfusion, and support enforcement of mandatory screening and aggressive public enlightenment and prevention measures for TTIs.

Keywords: Transfusion transmitted infection, HBV, HCV, HIV, Bauchi.