EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical, Medical & Biological Sciences

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research (EJPMR) has indexed with various reputed international bodies like : Google Scholar , Indian Science Publications , InfoBase Index (In Process) , SOCOLAR, China , Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN , International Society for Research activity (ISRA) , Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) , Polish Scholarly Bibliography , Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) , Universal Impact Factor , International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE  , Index Copernicus , CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) , Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) , UDLedge Science Citation Index , CiteFactor , Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) , Indian citation Index (ICI) , Journal Index (JI, Under Process) , Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) , Open Access Journals (Under Process) , Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) , Cosmos Impact Factor , Jour Informatics (Under Process) , Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) , International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) , Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates , Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) , IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) , Web of Science Group (Under Process) , Directory of Research Journals Indexing , Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) , International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) , Scope Database , Academia , 

 ISSN 2394-3211

Impact Factor: 7.065

 ICV - 79.57

Abstract

EFFECTS OF CHRONIC PAIN ON SOME REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS

Shebl Ramadan Samaha*

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic pain is a self-reinforcing pathological state in which plastic changes in the stress system may contribute to the patient’s suffering and pain-related disability. Psychological stress has been perceived clinically as a potential risk factor affecting male fertility. However, its potential effect on spermatogenesis and testicular function has received little attention compared with the role of testicular oxidative-stress mechanisms. Objective: The present work was designed to evaluate the effects of chronic pain on some reproductive aspects in adult male albino rats. Material and methods: Twenty adult male albino rats of local strain weighing 135 - 150 g were chosen to be the model of the present study. They were divided into two equal groups: Group I (Control group) received no treatment, and Group II (Chronic pain group) were subjected to induction of chronic pain by daily subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml of 2.5% formalin into the plantar surface of one hindpaw for two weeks. Blood samples were withdrawn, serum was separated for determination of serum fasting glucose, corticosterone, testosterone, and prolactin levels. Rats were killed and pelvi-abdominal cavities were opened to obtain testes, epididymis and prostate for studying histopathological changes. Results: Chronic pain was associated with significant changes in behavior and hormonal profile of the reproductive functions in addition to histopathological disturbances. Conclusion: Chronic pain has a drawback effects on the behavioral and reproductive functions. So, a great importance of treating pain must be paid to avoid its drawback effects on the body functions.

Keywords: Chronic pain, stress, male sex hormones, testes, epididymis, prostate.


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Google Scholar Indian Science Publications InfoBase Index (In Process) SOCOLAR, China Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN International Society for Research activity (ISRA) Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) Polish Scholarly Bibliography Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) Universal Impact Factor International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE Index Copernicus CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) UDLedge Science Citation Index CiteFactor Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) Indian citation Index (ICI) Journal Index (JI, Under Process) Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) Open Access Journals (Under Process) Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) Cosmos Impact Factor Jour Informatics (Under Process) Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) Web of Science Group (Under Process) Directory of Research Journals Indexing Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) Scope Database Academia