A CLINICAL, MICROSCOPIC AND CYTOMORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Dr. Kanupriya Gupta*, Dr. Jatin Gupta and Dr. Rahul Agrawal

ABSTRACT

Background- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with many oral manifestations along with changes in the oral mucosa. The aim of the present study was to correlate the clinical signs of diabetes mellitus with microscopic and cytomorphometric analysis of smears obtained from buccal mucosa, dorsum of tongue and floor of mouth. Materials and methods- Total 100 individuals were included in the study of both sexes after measuring their HbA1c and recording their oral symptoms.50 were normal individuals, 50 were suffering from diabetes mellitus, out of these 20 were having well controlled diabetes, 20 poorly controlled and 10 with uncontrolled diabetes. The smears were stained and analysed by image analysis software. Nuclear area, cytoplasmic area and cytoplasm: Nuclear areas were calculated. The observations were recorded and one way ANOVA was performed. Result- It showed xerostomia, burning mouth and ulcerations were more in diabetes patients. Also nuclear area and cytoplasm: nuclear area showed statistically significant changes from normal to uncontrolled diabetes whereas the cytoplasmic area also showed increase but was not statistically significant. Other findings like candidiasis and inflammation were also found to be more in diabetes patients. Conclusion- The present study shows the importance of exfoliative cytology in diagnosis of diabetes mellitus along with routine diagnostic tests.

Keywords: xerostomia; diabetes mellitus; exfoliative cytology; cytomorphometry.