METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus (MRSA) AS A CAUSE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN IBADAN, NIGERIA

I. C. Oladipo*, S. B. Ogunsona and M. A. Abayomi

ABSTRACT

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered to be one of the most important causative agents of nosocomial infections. MRSA is multidrug resistant and immense clinical problem, all things considered, penicillins and other groups of antibiotics routinely utilized against S. aureus has turned out to be useless as treatments. MRSA infections are treated with glycopeptide (vancomycin and teicoplanin) which can prompt new resistance to these drugs. Clinicians and researchers need to understand the organism, the patients and the trends in the antibiotic-resistance patterns, so as to have sufficient data for treatment of methicillin resistant S. aureus infections in hospital. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) samples (from nasal swab, inanimate Objects; such as beds, linens, clinical samples such as wound, urine, blood) were examined. A total of eighty six (86) isolates were confirmed to be S. aureus from the three categories of samples. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was differentiated from methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) by carrying out antibiotic susceptibility pattern using disk diffusion method with different antibiotics (methicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, erythromycin, clindamycin and vancomycin). The prevalence of methicillin resistance among S. aureus isolates was 48.8%. Resistance to cefoxitin was the highest (55.8%) followed by; oxacilllin (53.5%), methicillin (48.8%), erythromycin (34.9%), clindamycin (23.3%) and vancomycin (2.3%). Two vancomycin resistant isolates were obtained among clinical samples (blood and urine). The gathered information affirms that a consistent and dynamic observation of this kind of nosocomial infection is important. The outcomes are valuable for correlation of recurrence of MRSA contamination in other medical clinics. Thorough training, great participation and backing from the hospital board are critical for the fruitful utilization of control measures.

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