PRESCRIBING PATTERNS OF ANTI-PARKINSONISM DRUGS AND DEVELOPMENT OF TREATMENT OF DISEASE: A REVIEW

*Samjeeva Kumar, Kripesh Kumar B. C., Cyril Tom, Shruthi Raju and Sreelekshmi Vinu

ABSTRACT

Prescribing trends for medications are influenced by development of new drugs, changes in knowledge about efficacy and side effects, and priorities set by funding agencies. Antiparkinsonian agents are a group of drugs that are primarily used in the treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder, Parkinson’s disease (PD). The most common antiparkinsonian agent used for the treatment of PD is levodopa, the precursor to dopamine. Other antiparkinsonian agents include dopamine receptor agonists, catechol-methyltransferase inhibitors(COMTIs), monoamineoxidase inhibitors(MAOIs), anticholinergics, and amantadine. Since prescribing trends for antiparkinsonism medications are influenced by development of new drugs and changes in knowledge about efficacy and side effects, few have focused on the utilization trends with either monotherapy or combination therapy in PD management The complications of long-term treatment with levodopa include-motor fluctuations, dyskinesias, and nonmotor fluctuations are such as mood disturbance, cognitive dysfunction, dysautonomia and pain. Till date, there are various therapeutic approaches having been developed for the treatment of advanced PD comprising Pharmacotherapy, neurotrophic factors, surgical procedures such as DBS, cell-based therapies and gene therapies. The main focus of this article is to understand the efficacy of prescribing patterns of anti-parkinsonism of drugs and development of treatment of disease.

Keywords: Parkinsonism, S Tem-Cell Therapy, Gene Therapy, DBS, Neurotrophic Factors.