DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICAL CONSIDERATION OF DRUG PRODUCTS DESIGNS: AN REVIEW

Ch. Taraka Ramarao*, P. Vineeth, P. Bhanuchandar, M. Madhuri, P. Jayaram, M. Padma Jyothi, T. Bharat Kumar and S. Yugandhar

ABSTRACT

In the last few years, there have been numerous attempts to predict physicochemical properties that are most desirable for a good drug candidate. The drug discovery and development process for a typical research-based pharmaceutical company can be broken down into five distinct stages as described briefly below. At each stage, there will be several activities running in parallel, with the overall objective of discovering a candidate drug and developing to market as efficiently as possible. The strategic research of a particular company is usually guided by factors such as its inherent research competence and expertise, therapeutic areas of medical need, and market potential/commercial viability. Companies often wish to develop a portfolio of products within a specific therapeutic area to capture a segment of the market. If drugs are administered in solid dosage forms, they must be dissolved in the G.I tract before absorption can take place. For drugs with low solubility and high dose, the dissolution will be slow, and the dissolution rate will be the rate-limiting step for absorption. The G.I tract plays important roles in secretion, digestion, and absorption. Many biological factors such as gastric emptying, gastric and intestinal pH, GI content, GI motility, GI surface area, and blood flow can affect drug absorption. Several other routes such as parental, topical, rectal, respiratory and other novel approaches for product formulation and development enhance the biopharmaceutical consideration.

Keywords: Oral route, Parental route, rectal route, pulmonary route, Topical route.