IMPACT OF PATIENT COUNSELLING ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Ann Mary Swaroop, Christina Varghese, Josmine Jose, Maheswari E.*, Pramila Kalra

ABSTRACT

Aim &Objective: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (Type II DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in India and the cornerstone of its care is to educate the patients about self-management. The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and medication adherence (MA) and to determine the impact of patient counsellingby clinical pharmacist in the management ofType II DM patients. Methods:A randomised prospective interventional study was carried out in 60 patients of M.S. Ramaiah hospitals. The patients were divided into control and intervention groups. Baseline Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) levels, KAP and MA scores of all the patients were collected. Extensive counselling was done by clinical pharmacist and patient information leaflets (PIL) were given to intervention group during the study. A follow up was conducted after 1 month at the time of which the above parameters were reassessed for all the patients. Results: The mean baseline KAP and MA scores and FBS levels were 10.79±4.46, 8.43±2.50, 6.50±2.50 and 1.75±2.04 and 166.96± 54.66 mg/dl respectively for the intervention group and 12.07 ± 3.80, 8.96 ± 2.10, 7.33± 2.33 and 1.15±1.46 and 148.7±52.20 mg/dl for the control group respectively which improved to 15.54±2.78, 9.54±1.73, 8.21±1.44 and 0.93±1.08 and 135.39± 53.09 mg/dl for the intervention group after counselling (p < 0.05). Interpretation & Conclusion: The current study revealed improvements in KAP and MA scores as well as FBS levels in the intervention group indicating that clinical pharmacist provided counselling plays a vital role in the management of Type II DM patients.

Keywords: Attitude, Diabetes, Knowledge, Medication adherence, Practice, Patient counselling.