PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTI-HEMORRHOIDAL POTENTIAL OF LEAVES EXTRACT OF MALVASTRUM COROMANDELIANUM

*Shyam Darsh Mishra, Shaily Mishra, Dr Shamim Ahmad

ABSTRACT

Hemorrhoid disease accounts for 3.3 million ambulatory care visits annually in the US, making it the fourth commonest outpatient gastrointestinal issues. This research focuses phytochemical and anti-hemorrhoids evaluation of leaves extract of M. coromandelianum in experimental animal models. The botanist was verified the authenticity of the fresh M. coromandelianum leaves that were harvested in the Meerut area. The leaves are cleaned to remove any dust and then air-dried or dried in the shade and extracted through maceration process using. Croton oil (6%), Pilex and methanol were purchased from local vendor. Animals weighing between 150 and 200g, both male and female Wistar rats were purchased from the Animal House at the Translam Group of Institutions in Rajpura, Mawana Road, Meerut- 250001, UP. The animals are kept in ideal conditions, with a light/dark cycle of 12 hours per day and a room temperature of 25±1°C. Rats were divided in 5 groups i.e., Group 1 administered vehicle; Group 2: rats are given 6% croton oil (10μl, p. o.) + normal saline (p. o.); Group 3: rats are given 6% croton oil (10μl, p. o.) + Pilex (1 tab./kg, p. o.); Group 4: rats are given 6% croton oil (10μl, p. o.) + M. coromandelianum (400mg/kg, p. o.) and Group 5: rats are given 6% croton oil (10μl, p. o.) + M. coromandelianum (200mg/kg, p. o.). The parameters including inflammatory index, recto-anal coefficient, biochemical analysis and histopathology were evaluated. In results, it was observed that Malvastrum coromandelianum significantly decreased the inflammatory score (Grade II). It also facilitated the recto anal coefficient as 0.07 (at higher dose). In biochemical estimation, SOD demonstrated marked decreased in test group, and response was recorded in dose-dependent manner. Histopathology exhibited a significant decline in the inflammatory zone and that might be decreased level of inflammatory mediators in the structures of anal tissues. It concluded that methanolic leaves extract of Malvastrum coromandelianum is effective in the management of hemorrhoids in rats when compared with the control group.

Keywords: Malvastrum coromandelianum, anti-hemorrhoidal, inflammatory score, recto-anal coefficient, and histopathology.