ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BENZOPYRANS USING HEXAFERRITE AS GREEN CATALYST: A SIGNIFICANT STEP TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY

Chandrashekhar A. Ladole*

ABSTRACT

This research work aims to explore the synthesis, structural characterization, and biological evaluation of
benzopyran derivatives utilizing ethyl acetoacetate, β-naphthol, and aromatic aldehydes with ferrite as catalystassisted
methodologies. Benzopyrans are of particular interest due to their properties useful in pharmacological and
biological activities, as well as their synthetic versatility. The study focuses on enhancing sustainability through
efficient synthetic routes. Various nanocatalysts, including organic and inorganic, were investigated to facilitate the
formation of benzopyran derivatives. The heterogeneous hexaferrite catalyst is an attractive option for
multicomponent reactions due to its ease of preparation, cost-effectiveness, and insolubility in most organic
solvents. The protocol offers several advantages, including control over reaction conditions, high yields, easy
workup, reproducibility of catalytic activity, compatibility with substrates, and enhanced overall efficiency of the
reaction. Additionally, it helps minimize waste generation, reduce energy consumption, and utilize environmentally
benign catalysts efficiently. The synthesized compounds were confirmed using FT-IR, 1H NMR spectroscopic data,
and melting points, which were compared with reported values. During the work-up procedure, the catalyst can be
easily recovered and recycled, retaining its activity for up to four cycles.

Keywords: Benzopyrans, multicomponent reaction, heterogeneous hexaferrite catalyst.