ETHANOL INDUCED NEPHROTIC DAMAGE IN MALE WISTAR RATS: THE ANTIULCEROGENIC AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF THE METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA

Arhoghro Ejovwoke Marcellinus*, Ezomoh Olusoga Olubunmi, Erigbali Peter, Ching Fidelis Poh and Sule Jimoh Olayiwola

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the Nephroprotective property of methanol leave extract of Andrographis paniculata by ethanol induced Nephrotic damage in wistar male rats, by measuring serum urea, creatinine and bilirubin and antioxidant activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase. 50 healthy male rats weighing about (150-250kg) were divided into five (5) groups of ten rats each. Group 1 (Normal control) and group 2 (positive control) received normal saline (10ml/kg), Group 3 and group 4 recieved 200mg/kg body weight and 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively and group 5 (Standard Control) recieved 30mg/kg body weight Omeprazole orally for days 7. On the eighth day, groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were given 10ml/kg of ethanol orally. After 24 hours, the animals were euthanized using chloroform anaesthesia and blood was collected through cardiac puncture for kidney function and antioxidant tests. Sections of the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract were also collected and preserved in 10% formalin for histopathological analysis. This study shows that Administration of ethanol caused a significant decrease (p < 0.5) in CAT and SOD activities in the positive control group compared to the normal control group. Treatment with extract at dose 200mg/kg body weight and 400 mg/kg body weight remarkably elevated (p < 0.5) in SOD and CAT activities respectively compared to positive control. The administration of ethanol caused a significant increase (p< 0.05) in serum urea, creatinine and Bilirubin activities in the positive control group compared to the normal control group.. Treatment with Omeprazole at dose 30mg/kg body weight significantly decreased (p < 0.05) urea, creatinine and bilirubin compared to the positive control group. Therefore from this present study it can be drawn that methanol leave extract of Andrographis paniculata showed a mitigating effect which indicates that the extract has protective effects on the kidney against ethanol induced Nephrotic damage.

Keywords: Neprotic damage, Omeprazole, Andrographis paniculata . Creatinine, Bilirubin.