BACTERIAL PROFILE AND RESISTANCE PATTERN OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM BLOOD CULTURE - A FIVE YEAR STUDY IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Dr. Asmita Ashok Patil* and Dr. Pratibha J. Dalal

ABSTRACT

Background: Blood stream infection (BSI) remains one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. The data about the bacterial profile of BSI and their resistance pattern in a particular hospital set up can help to decide the empirical line of treatment in these patients. Aims and Objectives: To determine the bacterial profile of BSI and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in our hospital. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the bacterial isolates from blood culture specimens collected from patients admitted in tertiary care hospital was conducted over the period of five years; from 2010 to 2014. Results: Blood samples from 673 clinically diagnosed cases of septicemia were processed. Growth was obtained in only 6.98% cases. Out of these isolates 51.06% were gram positive cocci and 48.94% were gram negative bacilli. Staphylococcus aureus (27.66%) was the predominant organisms followed by P. aeruginosa (19.15%). Amongst gram positive organisms maximum resistance was seen to Penicillin, Ampicillin and Erythromycin while in gram negative bacilli maximum resistance was observed to Ampicillin, Cefuroxime. The Vancomycin and Linezolid are highly active against gram positive organisms whereas Amikacin and Imipenem are highly active against gram negative organisms causing blood stream infections. Conclusion: Blood stream infections in our hospital are caused predominantly by Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance reports on regular basis which can provide valuable insight into resistance trends at a particular medical facility to assist in guidance in the appropriate choice of empiric therapy.

Keywords: Blood stream infections, bacterial profile, resistance pattern, blood culture.