A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Dr. B. E. Evangileen, *Tallari Praveen, Sania Maheen, Chitrapu Sri Satya Durga and Gali Thriveni

ABSTRACT

Background: Persistent elevation of blood glucose levels, known as chronic hyperglycemia, is a metabolic condition indicative of diabetes mellitus, usually the consequence of the diminished release of insulin and resistance, leading to complications like microvascular, macrovascular, DKA, and HHS issues. This prospective observational study aims to determine the safety and efficacy of dapagliflozin in T2DM patients. Dapagliflozin selectively targets sodium-glucose 2 co-transporters, offering a focused therapeutic approach. The research emphasizes real-world evidence to look into how dapagliflozin affects sugar regulation, safety profiles, prescribing patterns, patient characteristics, and adverse events. The project aims to provide practical insights into dapagliflozin's application in managing T2DM, aiding informed clinical decision-making. Methods: One hundred patient case records were gathered in a prospective observational study that took place for six months. Prescription patterns were examined by considering age, gender, BMI, co-morbidities, and various brands of dapagliflozin. This analysis was conducted through a patient-level survey conducted in both OP and IP hospital departments, aiming to discern the safety and efficacy of dapagliflozin. Results: Within the study, dapagliflozin was predominantly prescribed for individuals aged 51-70, with a majority of male patients. The prescribed doses were deemed appropriate. In a sample of 100 patients, the mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) decreased from 170.9 mg/dL before dapagliflozin administration to 133.1 mg/dL, indicating a substantial and positive effect of circulating sugar concentrations. Conclusion: Throughout this research, dapagliflozin was given to individuals diagnosed with T2DM. This medication is intended to reduce elevated sugar levels in the blood. No patients reported serious adverse effects associated with the use of dapagliflozin. However, 5% of participants experienced minor side effects such as dry mouth, slightly elevated serum creatinine levels, and increased urine production.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Dapagliflozin, and SGLT 2.