UNVEILING HOPE: REVERSIBLE ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES – A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

M. Naveena*, Kammari Anusha, Thota Rahul, Siramdas Nikitha and Kammati Pavani

ABSTRACT

Reversible Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD) represents a significant health burden globally, with its prevalence rising steadily. AFLD encompasses a spectrum of liver conditions, ranging from hepatic steatosis to more severe forms such as steatohepatitis and fibrosis, ultimately leading to cirrhosis if left untreated. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AFLD pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions. This review provides an overview of the etiology, pathophysiology, and risk factors associated with AFLD. The intricate interplay between alcohol metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genetic factors contributes to AFLD progression. Additionally, lifestyle modifications, including alcohol cessation, dietary changes, and exercise, are pivotal in AFLD management. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting key molecular pathways involved in AFLD, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation, show promising results in preclinical studies. Furthermore, advances in precision medicine offer new avenues for personalized treatment approaches based on individual genetic susceptibility and disease severity. However, several challenges remain, including the need for large-scale clinical trials to validate the efficacy and safety of novel therapeutics. In conclusion, a comprehensive understanding of the complex pathophysiology of AFLD and the development of targeted treatment strategies hold the potential to mitigate the escalating burden of liver disease worldwide.

Keywords: AFLD (Alcoholic fatty liver disease), Fibrosis, Steatohepatitis, Risk factors.