TOXICITY AND APOPTOSIS OF CRUDE ALKALOID EXTRACTS OF CONVOLULUES ARVENSIS ON TUMOR CELL LINES

Arwa Alaa Hussein* and Ibrahim Hadi Mohammed

ABSTRACT

This study was to examine the impact of crude alkaloids isolate from Convolulues arvensis on the development of mouse liver cancer (HC cancer cell line) and human breast cancer (AMJ13 cell line). This study used the DPPH test to measure the antioxidant activity of C. arvensis, and the results revealed that this plant has antioxidant activity similar to ascorbic acid activity. In the concentration of 500μg/ml, the inhibition rate was 92.01%, while ascorbic acid was 92.23%. The impact of crude alkaloid on Tumor Cell Line Development AMJ13 and HC demonstrated that crud alkaloid is cytotoxic to a variety of cell lines, with the effect varying depending on concentration and cell type. Tumor cell line inhibition becomes more potent as extract concentration increases. in comparison, The highest inhibition rate in the HC cell line was 79.49.2% at 500μg/ml, and the lowest inhibition rate was 33.72% at the same concentration. At a con. of 500g/ml, the AMJ13 cell line showed a higher inhibition rate of 82.65 %. After 24 hours of exposure the effect of crude alkaloid extract on apoptosis-related genes (P53, BAX), Caspase8 and Caspase9 was investigated using the IC50 concentration determined from the effect of the crude alkaloid extract on the suppression of tumor cell growth). In the AMJ13 cancer cell line, P53, BAX, Caspase8, and Caspase9 fold gene expression were 0.05, 0.65, 0.15, and 2.98, respectively, whereas it was 1.36, 0.12, 0.19, and 3.45 in the HC cancer cell line. These findings revealed that caspase9 gene expression was significantly altered in cell lines compared to other genes. Conclusion: According to the result, C. arvensis' crude alkaloid, which is rich in antioxidants, may be helpful for treating tumors. This study also demonstrates that intrinsic mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis was induced in the AMJ13 and HC cancer cell lines by the IC50 concentration of crude alkaloid extract.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity, the HC cell line, the AMJ13 cell line, and C. arvensis.