EVALUATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ALMOND EXTRACTS FROM KERNELS OF TWO MANGO VARIETIES GROWN IN NORTHERN CÔTE D'IVOIRE

Kouamé N’guessan Rodrigue, Kamagaté Tidiane, Touré Abdoulaye*, Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude, Bolou Gbouhoury Eric-Kévin and Coulibaly Adama

ABSTRACT

Of all the mangoes, fruit of mango tree (Mangifera indica L.) produced in North of Côte d’Ivoire, only less than half is exported. The rest of these mangoes are intended for local consumption and processing of pulp, when they have not deteriorated. Thus, kernels resulting from mangoes processing and deterioration constitute a real problem of environnemental pollution. Therefore, this study aims to explore a way of therapeutic valorization of almond from mango kernel of varieties Keitt and Kent. For this, phenolic compound of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of flours from almonds of mango kernel were analyzed by spectrophotometric assay. Then, antidiabetic activity of hydroethanolic extracts of at 100 mg/kg body weight was determined on alloxanic Wistar rats compared with glibenclamide for 7 days. The highest polyphenol contents were obtained with extracts from flour of Kent variety with values of 34 ± 00 mg EAG/g and 32.67 ± 0.02 mg EAG/g respectively for aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts. This variety also had the highest tannin content, with 23620 ± 0.66 mg EAT/g and 23043 ± 0.44 mg EAT/g respectively for aqueous and hydroethanol extracts. Extracts from flour of Keitt variety recorded the highest flavonoid content with 11 ± 0.02 mg EQ/g for aqueous extract and 10.5 ± 0.01 mg EQ/g for hydroethanolic extract. Moreover, the hydroethanolic extracts of both varieties showed strong hypoglycemic potential in rats compared with glibenclamide. Particulary, hydroethanol extract of Keitt variety showed greater hypoglycemic activity with reducing blood glucose levels by 44 ± 0%. This research work highlighted that extracts of almonds from kernel of mango varieties Kent and Keitt contain high concentration of phenolic compound and exerts a strong antidiabetic activity.

Keywords: Mango, kernel, almond, aqueous extract, hydroethanolic extract, phenolic compound, antidiabetic activity, Côte d’Ivoire.