A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN (TRIGLYCERIDE-GLUCOSE) INDEX DURING THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY AND THE RISK OF DEVELOPING GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Afnan Sayed Ahmad*, Arige Boubou and Maisoon Dayoub

ABSTRACT

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly global health problem and presence of suitable biomarkers for early diagnosis of GDM is considered crucial to improve final outcome. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) in the first trimester for GDM. Patients and Methods: An analytical prospective cohort study was conducted for the period one year (May 2022-May 2023) at Tishreen University Hospital in Latakia-Syria. The study included all pregnant women in the first trimester who checked in the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology with assessment of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profile, and TYG index. Results: The prevalence of GDM among the study population was 17.3%. Women with GDM had significantly higher averages for age(p:0.001), body mass index BMI(p:0.001), parity(p:0.0001), abortions(p:0.02), family history of T2DM(p:0.002) and history of polycystic ovary syndrome PCOs(p:0.001). FPG and lipid profile parameters including total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were significantly higher in GDM group (p<0.05) compared to non-GDM. TyG index was significantly higher in women who developed GDM (4.73±0.1 versus 4.18±0.1,p:0.0001). When the peak TyG index reached 4.7, progressive of GDM could be predicted with an area under the ROC curve of 0.69(95% CI:0.96-1) with sensitivity 92.9% and specificity 100%. In addition to, all women who developed GDM were in the range of TyG index (4.49-4.87) whereas non-GDM women were distributed as follows; 3.90-4.20(41.9%), 4.21-4.48(45.2%), and 4.49-4.87(12.9%), p:0.0001. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that TyG index in the first trimester of pregnancy provides non-invasive tool for identifying at risk pregnant women for GDM.

Keywords: Gestational, diabetes mellitus DM, predictive, Syria, yYG index.