AN AYURVEDIC REVIEW ON PRATIVISHA

Vd. Raman Chitnis*, Vd. Sachin Patil, Vd. Amrapali Patil, Vd. Rachana Phartale, Vd. Deepali Aher and Vd. Vivek Gopal

ABSTRACT

Agadtantra is one of the branches of ancient Ayurveda that focuses on the study of poisons, their effects, detection, and treatment. Poisoning is a significant health issue, particularly in developing countries, arising from the misuse of chemicals, drug abuse, industrial waste, aquatic toxicity, occupational hazards, and incidents like insect and snake bites. In Ayurveda, any substance that disrupts the balance of healthy Dhatus or causes harm to an individual is termed Visha.[1] A substance that brings sorrow to the world is also classified as Visha.[2] Prativisha, on the other hand, is defined as an antidote that neutralizes toxic substances. According to Ayurvedic principles, Prativisha is one of the Chaturvimshati Upakramas and should be used meticulously and in appropriate doses to counteract specific poisons. It is characterized by qualities such as Ruksha (dry), Laghu (light), Vishada (purifying), Vyavayi (pervasive), Vikashi (sharp), Teekshna (potent), Ushna (hot), and Sukshma (subtle). When utilized correctly, these attributes enable Prativisha to function as a therapeutic agent (Aushadha). Ayurvedic texts provide detailed descriptions of various types of toxic substances and their corresponding treatments (Chikitsa). The ancient concept of Prativisha warrants further exploration and explanation to enhance understanding and application. Thus, Prativisha can be effectively employed in Chikitsa as an antitoxic agent to mitigate the effects of poisoning. Numerous Ayurvedic scriptures outline the use of Visha Dravya for treating poisoning cases. This article emphasizes the significance of Prativisha and its role in the treatment of toxic exposures.

Keywords: Agadtantra, Ayurveda, Visha, Prativish, Poison.