PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF DIURETIC RESISTANCE IN HEART FAILURE

Alaa Raslan*, Hussein Saied and Akram Jahjah

ABSTRACT

Acute decompensation of heart failure (HF) often presents with congestion-related signs and symptoms that are indicative of poor patient outcomes. Loop diuretics are essential in managing fluid overload and are commonly used for both acute and chronic HF treatment. However, a significant challenge arises when patients exhibit reduced responsiveness to loop diuretics, impacting their clinical progression and potentially prolonging hospital stays. This diminished response, known as diuretic resistance (DR), occurs when patients fail to decongest despite receiving appropriate and increasing doses of loop diuretics.

Keywords: Heart failure, kidney disease, loop diuretics, thiazides, ultrafiltration.