EVALUATING DRUG INTERACTIONS AND NURSING INTERVENTIONS: THE IMPACT OF MODERN MEDICATIONS ON ICU PATIENT OUTCOMES

Hamad Huran F. Alanazi*, Ziad bin Badi Hamoud Al-Harbi, Raed Ibrahim Rashid Al-Rashid, Muteb Saeed Saud Alharbi, Abdulaziz Hussain Mohammed Alrashed

ABSTRACT

Background:Intensive Care Units (ICUs) represent highly dynamic environments where critically ill patients require complex pharmacological regimens. The growing use of modern medications has heightened the risk of drug interactions, which may lead to adverse outcomes. Nurses play a pivotal role in managing these interactions through interventions aimed at minimizing risks and improving patient outcomes. Despite advancements in ICU care, the interplay between drug interactions, nursing interventions, and their impact on patient outcomes remains underexplored. Aim: This paper aims to evaluate the impact of drug interactions on ICU patient outcomes and to assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions in mitigating these risks. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from ICU patient records in a tertiary care hospital. Medication logs were reviewed to identify potential drug interactions, while nursing interventions were documented and analyzed. Statistical correlations were drawn between identified interactions, nursing responses, and patient outcomes, including recovery rates, ICU stays, and complications. Results: The study identified a high incidence of drug interactions, particularly involving antibiotics, anticoagulants, and sedatives. Nursing interventions, such as enhanced monitoring, adjustment of drug schedules, and patient education, significantly reduced the incidence of adverse drug reactions. Improved patient outcomes, including shorter ICU stays and reduced mortality rates, were strongly correlated with proactive nursing interventions. Conclusion: Drug interactions in the ICU pose significant challenges to patient safety. Nursing interventions play a critical role in mitigating these risks and improving outcomes. This study underscores the need for structured protocols, ongoing nurse education, and interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize ICU care.

Keywords: ICU, drug interactions, nursing interventions, patient outcomes, medication safety, critical care nursing.