EMPOWERING WOMEN IN HIV PREVENTION: GENDER-INCLUSIVE PROGRAMS FOR LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu* and Salma Abdi Mahmoud

ABSTRACT

Women, particularly in low-income countries, are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic, with social, cultural, and economic factors exacerbating their vulnerability. Gender-inclusive HIV prevention programs have emerged as a critical strategy to address these disparities by focusing on the unique needs of women and girls. These programs seek to empower women by addressing issues such as gender-based violence, limited access to education, economic dependency, and societal norms that restrict women’s ability to negotiate safe sexual practices. The integration of sexual and reproductive health services, economic empowerment, community-based interventions, and education has shown positive outcomes in reducing HIV transmission rates among women. Despite these successes, several challenges hinder the effectiveness of gender-inclusive HIV programs in low-income countries. Cultural norms that limit women’s autonomy, economic constraints that foster dependency, and healthcare system weaknesses prevent many women from accessing critical HIV prevention services. Additionally, stigma surrounding HIV and its intersection with gender inequality continues to deter women from seeking testing and treatment. Overcoming these barriers requires a comprehensive approach that includes social, legal, and healthcare reforms, alongside sustained political will and financial investment in gender-sensitive programs.

Keywords: Empowerment, Gender-Inclusive, HIV Prevention, Low-Income Countries, Women's Health.