GASTRIC CANCER AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE -A REVIEW

Rokan Abdul Kareem Mustafa*

ABSTRACT

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), International Agency for Research on Cancer, there are more than 940,000 new cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed each year worldwide. This figure may be used to compare with the current population of a country to show how prevalent this disease is. WHO also stated that the highest colorectal cancer incidence rates are found in Europe, the United States, and Canada. This demonstrates that colon cancer is developed in countries with high living standards and also shows that the more developed a country is, the higher the chance of getting colon cancer. However, incidence rates of colorectal cancer are rapidly rising in Japan and countries in Eastern Europe. This is because the lifestyle of these countries is becoming more westernized.[1] The trend can also be observed through the incidence rates of Japanese Americans, which increased from the first to the second generation. The highest incidence rates of colorectal cancer were found in males from the United States, Slovakia, Hungary, and Denmark, and the highest rates for females were found in New Zealand, Denmark, the Netherlands, and France. This may be due to the diet of the people in these countries as an imbalanced diet and consumption of red processed meat and use of alcohol may lead to an increased risk of colon cancer. This data clearly shows that colon cancer is a disease commonly developed in countries that are more developed or are developing. And it is a disease that may affect anyone around the world.[2] Colon cancer is one of the most perilous cancers and is a malignant tumor found in the inner wall of the colon. It is dangerous because it has no symptoms in the early stages, so it is difficult to detect. Colon cancer may affect mucus, which leads to the damage of cell DNA. However, colon cancer can be treated if detected in the early stages. This is a report on the various aspects of colon cancer.[3] In this report, we will discuss the causes and risk factors of colon cancer, the signs and symptoms, how colon cancer is diagnosed, the various methods of treatment, and the different ways to prevent colon cancer.

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