AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW ON GELATIN NANOPARTICLES

G. Hariharaputhraayyanar and R. Ganesh*

ABSTRACT

The current review on gelatin nanoparticles becomes one of the most popular and prominent method of formulation. Gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) have emerged as a versatile and promising platform for biomedical applications, including drug delivery, gene therapy, imaging, and tissue engineering. Derived from collagen, gelatin is biocompatible, biodegradable, and easily modifiable, making it an ideal candidate for nanoparticle synthesis. Various formulation techniques, such as desolvation, emulsion-based methods, nanoprecipitation, and electro-spraying, have been developed to produce GNPs with controlled size, morphology, and functionality. Crosslinking strategies, both chemical and physical, play a crucial role in stabilizing nanoparticles and tuning their properties for specific applications. GNPs excel in encapsulating and delivering diverse therapeutic agents, offering controlled release and targeted delivery capabilities. Despite significant advancements, challenges such as crosslinker toxicity, scalability, and stability under physiological conditions remain. This review highlights the GNP formulation, characterization, and applications, while also discussing current limitations and future directions for the clinical translation of these nanocarriers.

Keywords: Gelatin nanoparticles, Drug delivery systems, Biodegradable nanomaterials, crosslinking techniques, Targeted therapy, Biomedical applications.