IDIOPATHIC LEUKOPLAKIA OF TONGUE: A RARE ORAL LESION WITH MALIGNANT POTENTIAL

Sneha Mathialagan, Dr. Sindhu Poovannan*, Dr. G. S. Asokan, Dr. Narmatha N., Dr. Angelinteena S.

ABSTRACT

Oral leukoplakia, the most prevalent premalignant lesion of the oral cavity, is broadly categorized into homogeneous and nonhomogeneous types, with idiopathic leukoplakia representing a unique subset unassociated with tobacco or other identifiable risk factors. Idiopathic leukoplakia is more frequently observed on the tongue and carries a higher risk of malignant transformation compared to tobacco-associated lesions. This report details the case of a 47-year-old female presenting with a hyperkeratotic lesion on the right lateral border of the tongue, diagnosed as Idiopathic leukoplakia of tongue. The lesion’s idiopathic nature was emphasized by the patient’s lack of deleterious habits and relevant systemic conditions. The discussion highlights the multifactorial etiology of oral leukoplakia, including potential links to HPV infection, genetic alterations, and other unidentified factors. The case reinforces the significance of early diagnosis, detailed clinical evaluation, and histopathological examination for accurate differentiation and management.

Keywords: Oral leukoplakia, Idiopathic leucoplakia, Hyperkeratosis, Premalignant lesion, Dysplasia, Malignant potential.