ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME

Pakala Akhila Reddy, Mekala Anusha*, Banevath Abhilash, Akarapu Pavan Kalyan, Gummadaveli Rithwick Mani, Muvvala Sudhakar

ABSTRACT

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) occurs when chronic alcohol consumption is abruptly stopped, leading to
significant distress and health risks . It results from an imbalance between GABA and NMDA receptors , causing
symptoms ranging from mild anxiety to severe seizures and delirium tremens. While benzodiazepines remain the
primary treatment, emerging pharmacological targets such as corticotropin r eleasing factor, sigma receptors,
opioid receptors, potassium channels, ghrelin, and gut microbiota offer potential alternatives. This review
explores the pathophysiology, neurobiological mechanisms, and advancements in AWS treatment, highlighting
novel th erapeutic strategies that could improve clinical outcomes.

Keywords: Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS), Neurotransmitters, GABA, NMDA Receptors, Benzodiazepines, Alternative Therapies, Corticotropin Releasing Factor, Opioid Receptors, Potassium Channels, G ut Microbiota, Pharmacological Management.