EFFECT OF LIGHT INTENSITY ON SOME SECONDARY METABOLITES OF ARTEMISIA ABROTANUM L. BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUE.

Yassien Mohamed Yassin, Mohamed Mahmoud ELzefzafy, Gouda T. M. Dawoud*, Heba Shahin and Safaa M. E. Abd El-hameid

ABSTRACT

The effect of light intensity on plant growth of Artemisia abrotanum L. was investigated in vitro. Plantlets of Artemisia abrotanum L. with leaves of 1 cm. long were cultured on suitable medium under different light intensities of 300, 600, 1500, 3000, and 6000 lux, the environment for all growth in vitro was maintained at 25° ± 2°C, with a 16-h photoperiod. The number of shoots, roots, length of shoots and roots in 21 days of culture of plantlets, the collected data were analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Tuky’s HSD test values represent the mean ±SD of eight replicates and all experiments were repeated three times, mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level, the best result were found at 3000 lux and then 1500 lux on the other hand the least in vitro growth were in 300 lux. Preliminary phytochemical screening of in vivo and in vitro for Artemisia abrotanum L. showed that both samples were contains volatile oil, Carbohydrates and/or glycosides , tannins, flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenes, resins, while the in vivo sample contain traces of Alkaloid. But both samples free from Saponins, Iridoids, Cardiac glycosides and Anthraquinone glycosides. The total polyphenols and flavonoids were investigated from obtained results in vivo plant sample showed the highest content of polyphenols (271.6mg/100g.d.w) and flavonoids (84.63 mg/100g.d.w) while the lowest content was recorded with the sample extract in 300 lux light intensity condition was (54.90 mg/100g.d.w) and (21.33 mg/100g.d.w).

Keywords: Artemisia abrotanum L., Light intensity. Phenolic compounds, Flavonoids and Secondary metabolites.