CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE EXTRACT FROM ANTHEMIS COELOPODA BOISS. VAR. COELOPODA STEMS AND ROOTS.

Reihaneh Abolhassani Chimeh Pharm D., Abdolhossein Rustaiyan Prof* and Setareh Haghighat PhD

ABSTRACT

The global increasing of bacterial drug resistance as well as the serious side effects of pharmaceutical chemicals, have encouraged researchers to focus on alternative drugs. Plants are able to make compounds with important biological effects such as anti-bacterial activities. Therefore research about anti-bacterial activities of plants as a natural source has been considered to find out a substitution to chemical synthesis. The quality and quantity of hexane extract from Anthemis coelopoda Boiss. (Family Compositae) roots and stems were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The anti-bacterial activities of the chloroform extract of Anthemis coelopoda Boiss. roots and stems were evaluated by well diffusion method and disc diffusion method against four bacterial strains including: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Finally minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values by microdilution method were determined. The yields of the roots and stems on dry weight basis were 1%. Twenty-two components in roots and stems (95%) were identified. The major components including: Ascorbic acid 2, 6-dihexadecanoate (32.1%), 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methylpropyl) ester (14.8%) and Trioctylamine (6.08%). Maximum inhibition zone (12 mm) of the extract was obtained against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, at concentration of 6mg/ml and the best results of MIC and MBC were obtained for Bacillus subtilis at the concentration of 0.187 mg/ml and 0.375 mg/ml respectively. This study showed that Anthemis coelopoda Boiss. can be considered a natural antibacterial source.

Keywords: Anthemis coelopoda Boiss. var. coelopoda, Essential oils, Chemical composition, Antimicrobial activity.