SONOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF COMMON AND INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERIES IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

Hassan. A. Hamed*, Abdelmoneim. A. Sulieman, H.osman, Mustafa Z Mahmoud

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of risk factors that cause carotid arteries atherosclerosis which occurs when lipoprotein accumulates in the intima of the artery. As atherosclerosis progresses it may completely occlude the artery lumen or plaque may rupture sending thrombus more distal, resulting in Transient Ischemic Attack or stroke. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the Common Carotid Arteries and Internal Carotid Arteries in adult Sudanese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and methods: 92 participants were enrolled in the study; they were scanned with linear probe of (7-10 MHz). Intima-Media-Thickness (IMT), Caliper, peak Systolic Velocity (PSV), End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) and Resistive Indices (RI) were measured. Results: Maximum value of IMT in CAs increased with age and duration of type 2 DM, in Rt CCA it begins at 1.2 mm in first age group and ended in 1.9 mm for age and duration in last age group, while for Lt CCA from 1.4mm to 2mm for age and 1.4mm to 2.1mm for duration, the external calipers like IMT increased with increased in age and duration while there is no correlation with PSV, EDV and RI. Conclusion: In conclusion, statistically IMT and carotid calipers showed strong positive correlation with age and type 2 DM duration and they consider as a good marker of subclinical for atherosclerosis. IMT values and diameter of carotid arteries tends to be larger in Lt side of the neck than the Rt neck. While there is no correlation between PSV, EDV and RI with age and duration.

Keywords: Common Carotid Artery, Diabetes Mellitus, Intima Media Thickness, Peak Systolic Velocity, End Diastolic Velocity, Resistive Index.