RECENT ADVANCES IN KNOEVENAGEL CONDENSATION USING SONOCHEMISTRY: A REVIEW

Bhata R. Chaudhari*

ABSTRACT

The use of ultrasound to promote chemical reactions is called sonochemistry. The effects of ultrasound observed during organic reactions are due to cavitation, a physical process that creates, enlarges, and implodes gaseous and vaporous cavities in an irradiated liquid. Recently, the sustainability of chemical reactions has gained strength in scientific and political discussions. In this context, sonochemistry is discussed as being a matchingmethod for promote chemical reactions. Such (often called “green”) techniques can help to reduce the total of undesired dangerous chemicals and solvents, decrease energy utilization and boost the selectivity towards the given product(s). In the field of organic synthesis, green chemistry rhymes with relevant choice of starting materials, atom economy, methodologies that minimize the number of chemical steps, suitable use of benign solvents and reagents, efficient strategies for product isolation and refinement and energy minimization. In that context, alternative methods and especially ultrasound can be a fine addition towards achieving these green needs. certainly, sonochemistry is known as being one of the most capable green chemical methods.[1] This review is devoted to the most striking results obtained in green organic sonochemistry.

Keywords: The use of ultrasound sonochemistry.