OCCURRENCE OF MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM DIARRHEAL CHILDREN LESS THAN FIVE YEARS IN BURKINA FASO

Ali Konaté*, Réné Dembélé, Cheikna Zongo, Wendpoulomdé A. D. Kaboré, Isidore Juste O. Bonkoungou, Alferd S. Traoré and Nicolas Barro

ABSTRACT

Diarrhea is a major public health and economic problem in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) isolated from young children suffering from diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. From August 2013 to May 2014, 119 diarrheal stool samples were collected from children. E. coli was isolate and identified by standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity and detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were performed according to European Committee of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). This study showed a high prevalence (25.2%) of diarrhea during the month of September in Ouagadougou. Of the 21 DEC detected (69.7%), 13 were Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) (15.7%) and 8 Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 (9.6%). DEC rates were resistant to erythromycin (100%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (95.2%), doxycyclin (95.2%), tetracyclin (85.7%), ampicillin (81%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (76.2%). Most of the DEC (EPEC and EHEC O157) presented a Multidrug resistance (MDR) for β-lactam, cyclins, macrolides and sulfamides but all the DEC isolated in this study was not ESBLs producers. Those results indicated that it is imperative to develop strategies for prevention, epidemiological surveillance and control of MDR bacteria.

Keywords: Antibiotics, Burkina Faso, Diarrheal Children, Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Multidrug resistance.