SURGICAL MODIFICATIONS OF EVISCERATION FROM PAST TO PRESENT: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

*Dr. Praveen Kumar K. V. and Asma Shaik

ABSTRACT

Evisceration is a surgical technique involving removal of intraocular contents such as lens, uvea, vitreous, retina and sometimes cornea while leaving behind sclera and extraocular orbital anatomy intact. The controversy over enucleation versus evisceration has persisted in the ophthalmic literature for more than 100 years. Advantages of evisceration over enucleation include ease of surgery, the barrier effect of the intact sclera in preventing orbital spread of infection in cases of endophthalmitis and perceived functional and cosmetic benefits. The conspicuous drawback of conventional evisceration is the inadequate volume replacement with small implants and significant risk of exposure with large ones. Modified techniques of evisceration have therefore been developed, mostly involving additional scleral incisions that allow the placement of larger implants while reducing exposure rates. The review was planned to provide an in depth look at various surgical techniques of evisceration by examining the published literature and will provide an insight into the modifications of the surgical technique over decades so as to adopt a better surgical procedure for the surgeons.

Keywords: Evisceration-Modified techniques-Sclerotomy-Good volume replacement-Minimal risk of exposure of implant.