PHARMACOVIGILANCE OF ANTI-DIABETIC MEDICATIONS AND CARDIAC MEDICATIONS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED STRESS

Durr-e-shehwar Khan, Kisa Fatima Altaf*, Shamoon Noushad, and Sadaf Ahmed,

ABSTRACT

Several chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases have been declared as the major cause of death and may lead to several mental disorders. The administration of certain chronic medications causes metabolic side effects that include excess weight gain, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. In contrast with improved health outcomes, chronic medications can develop a large number of hidden side effects that may lead to worsen the chronic health conditions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the pharmacovigilance of anti-diabetic and cardiac medications by determining significant side effects. Certain complications have been determined by evaluating the effects on nutritional, physical and chemical stress by anti-diabetic and cardiac medications with the help pf Sadaf Stress Scale (SSS). A cross sectional study has been conducted in several local hospitals by classifying patients into three groups. All patients were followed by their demographic data Medical History and history of drugs and their dosages. The study showed irritability, hypertension, nausea, vomiting with physical, chemical and nutritional stress in the patients with anti-diabetic medications while the cardiac medications improves heart abnormalities in association with certain side effects like pallor, frequent urination, anorexia, irritability with physical, chemical and nutritional stress. It was concluded that chronic medications are also responsible for the development of chemical stress due to the use of medicine that results in the build-up of chemicals in body, physical due stress due to environmental pressure and demands, while nutritional stress due to the intake of toxin loaded medications, in the chronic patients.

Keywords: Sadaf Stress Scale, Chronic diseases, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cardiac medications.