EVALUATION OF THE CORRELATION OF GLYCOSYLATED HAEMOGLOBIN WITH CENTRAL CORNEAL THICKNESS AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS

Dr. Neha Chowdhary and Dr. Gian Chand Rajput*

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) with central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS: Values were obtained from 85 healthy control subjects (Group 1) and 85 subjects with type 2 DM (Group 2) with similar age and sex. Cases were further divided into two groups: Group 2A, diabetes patients with HbA1c <7%; and Group 2B, diabetes patients with HbA1c ≥7%. IOP measurements were obtained using Non Contact Tonometer (NCT). Ultrasound Pachymetry was used to measure CCT and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc). Results: There was statistically significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 in terms of CCT (p=0.003), IOP (p=0.000) and IOPcc (p=0.018). CCT, IOP, IOPcc were statistically significant between Group 1 and 2B (p=0.002, p=0.000, p=0.037) but not between other groups. Conclusion: Type 2 DM subjects were found to have raised CCT, IOP and IOPcc as compared to controls; of which subjects with HbA1c ≥ 7%(Group 2B) were maximally affected which indicates a positive correlation of HbA1c with CCT and IOP.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c, Central Corneal Thickness, Intraocular Pressure, Corneal-Compensated Intraocular Pressure.