A BRIEF REVIEW ON POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

Nirmala Jaget*

ABSTRACT

Polycystic ovary disorder (PCOS) is a standout amongst the most widely recognized endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. PCOS has a peripubertal onset with heterogeneous presentation, which includes hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction. Recent insights into the pathophysiology of PCOS have shown involvement of multiple etiologies with primary focus on hormonal imbalance and improper lifestyle. PCOS has also been associated with the metabolic syndrome. Patients may develop obesity, insulin resistance, acanthosis nigricans, Type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias, hypertension, non‑alcoholic liver disease, and obstructive sleep apnoea. Proper clinical examination combined with hematological and radiological investigations is an essential part of clinical evaluation. Management involved multidisciplinary approach and is a combined efforts involving a gynecologist, endocrinologist, dermatologist and nutritionist. The present review is focused on the causes, risk factors, complications, diagnosis/differential diagnosis and treatment options for PCOS.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance.