RENAL TRANSPLANTATION - BACKGROUND, GENETIC BASIS, AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Iqra Maqsood*, Naila Yaqoob, Mariya Shehbaz, Ariba Ashraf, Muhammad Waseem Shoaib

ABSTRACT

Renal transplantation is a useful process of replacing an unhealthy kidney with a healthy donor kidney. It is used for treatment of end-stage renal disease, allowing most patients to return to a satisfactory quality of life. Renal transplantation is preferred over hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in terms of long term survival of the patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). The factors contributing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children differ from those of adult onset CKD. The discovery of novel genes in early-onset CKD opens up new ways for finding clinical diagnostic methods. The patients suffering with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) represent another class of patients who are more prone to end-stage renal disease. Moreover, the congenital anomalies related to kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) mainly can lead to CKD, and later on to ESRD requiring renal transplant as a form of renal replacement therapy. This review highlights prevalence, genetic basis and future prospects for achieving more success in renal transplantation.

Keywords: SRNS, CAKUT, CKD, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis.