ANTI-DIABETIC PROPERTIES OF LANNEA COROMANDELICA L. BARK EXTRACT ON ALLOXAN INDUCED TYPE-2 DIABETIC RATS

Rajibul Islam, Md. Abdus Sobahan Khan, Md. Sirazul Islam*, Sara Benozir and Md. Jahir Alam

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes is a major public health concern. Despite of continuous new drug development, diabetes and its related complications remains to be a major clinical problem. Medicinal plants are efficient ameliorator of oxidative stress associated with diabetes mellitus and herbal remedies remain a potential adjunct therapy to maintain better glycemic control with a few side-effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic activities of Lannea coromandelica L. bark (LC) in alloxan induced type-2 diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150mg/kg) in SD rats of either sex and was divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Ethanolic extract of barks from Lannea coromandelica (LC 250 and 500mg/kg) and glibenclamide (10mg/kg) were orally administered once daily for 21 days in the treatment and standard group respectively. Blood glucose levels were measured on 0, 7, 14 and 21 days of oral treatment. OGTT was performed on type-2 diabetic rats and at the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for the measurement of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), S. creatinine ALT and AST levels. Results: The results after 21 days of oral administration of LC at doses of 250 and 500mg/kg showed a significant attenuation in blood glucose level in both the acute (p<0.001) and chronic study (p<0.001), also significantly lowered TC (p<0.001), TG (p<0.001), LDL-C (p<0.001) levels and improved HDL-C insignificantly in diabetic rats. Oral ingestion of LC very highly significantly reduced the creatinine levels (p<0.01), ALT (p<0.001) and AST (p<0.001) when compared to vehicle treated diabetic control group. These results confirmed marked improvement of the destructive effect on pancreatic islet cells induced by alloxan. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings illustrated that the ethanolic extract of LC barks possessed glucose and lipid lowering efficacy and it is due to the protective effect on pancreas, liver and kidney from oxidative damage in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The study provides a scientific rationale for the use of L. coromandelica in the management of diabetes and its related complications. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the precise mechanisms of action and the potential of the plant.

Keywords: Antidiabetic properties, Lannea coromandelica, antihyperlipidemic effect, alloxan induced diabetes, type-2 diabetes mellitus.