EVALUATION OF PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN THE WHOLE PLANT SAMPLES OF POLYGONUM GLABRUM (WILLD)

B. Ezhilan and R. Neelamegam*

ABSTRACT

Evaluation of pharmacognostic properties and preliminary phytochemical constituents in the whole plant sample of Polygonum glabrum (Willd) was carried out to record the macro- and micro -scopic characters, physic-chemical parameters, extractive and successive extractive values, fluorescence behaviour and preliminary phytochemical constituents in several solvent extracts. The studies of morphological and anatomical characteristics in Polygonum glabrum mainly used to identify the plant. Maximum extractive values (4% in aqueous and ethanol extracts) and the successive extractive values (3.5% in the ethanol and chloroform extracts) of P. glabrum whole plant samples were noted. The phytochemical screening of aqueous extract shows the presence of all compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, proteins, steroids and tannins) as compared to other solvents tested. In the ethanol extract except flavonoids all other compounds are present. The physic-chemical, fluorescence and preliminary phytochemical compounds along with macro- and micro- scopic characters recorded in this study would helpful for botanical identification of their crud drug forms.

Keywords: Polygonum glabrum, Polygonaceae, Morphology, Anatomy, Physico-chemical properties, extractive values, Fluorescence.