CADIOVASCULAR SAFETY & OUTCOMES FOR ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS

*Dr. Adeel Saleem and Mohamed Ashraf P. T.

ABSTRACT

Heart Disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus. Compared with individuals without diabetes, those with diabetes have a higher prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), Myocardial infarction (MI), silent myocardial ischemia, and Heart failure. The number of patients with diabetes is rapidly increasing, and the condition is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, Risk of heart failure is double in men and five-fold higher in women with diabetes. Mechanisms of development of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes and insulin resistance include hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypercoagulability, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. The high rates of CV risk factors and direct biological effects of diabetes on the CV system place diabetic patients at increased risk of developing CVD, and contribute to the increased prevalence of MI, revascularization, stroke and CHF. Due to the complexity and numerous mechanisms linking DM to CVD, it is crucial to focus treatment to what will have the greatest clinical impact on improving CV outcomes.

Keywords: coronary heart disease (CHD), Myocardial infarction (MI).