SERUM PENTOSIDINE ASSAY AMONG DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY PATIENTS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

*Orugbo V. P.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: AGEs have been implicated in the causation of chronic renal failure, long term dialysis-related amyloidosis and atherosclerosis. One of such is pentosidine on which there is a paucity of literature on its biomarker properties for nephropathy in sub-saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess serum Pentosidine levels in diabetic nephropathy. Method: A hospital based cross sectional study involving 80 DN cases being managed in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The controls were 80 non diabetic persons from the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The cases were selected using systematic sampling method and data collected using structured questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. They were sampled for plasma Pentosidine, Serum Creatinine, Serum Urea, Urinary Albumin and Creatinine. Urinary albumin-to- creatinine ratio and creatinine based glomerular filtration rate were calculated from the results. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22 and presented in form of tables, charts and graphs. Results: Of the total of 160 patients, 80 were DN cases and 80 were non diabetic controls. The study showed a significant difference between the mean levels of serum creatinine and urea, urinary creatinine and albumin, eGFR, and serum pentosidine levels between the cases and controls. The diagnostic accuracy of pentosidine assay in DN was 96.86% compared to 95.62% of UACR. Conclusion: Serum pentosidine assay was shown to have a high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing diabetic nephropathy.

Keywords: Pentosidine, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate(Egfr), Diabetic Nephropathy.