INSILICO STUDY OF ‘DNA POLYMERASE I’ IN CAUDOVIRALES’S FAMILY WITH THEIR HOST CELL TO CONCLUDE THE INVOLVEMENT OF HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER

*Subodh Choukidar, Dr. Sanjay Harke and Dr. Talib Y.A.

ABSTRACT

Viruses which infects bacterium are known as bacteriophages. They utilize host’s machinery to encode their own proteins needed to develop the new progeny. They are the vectors of horizontal gene transfer and drivers of bacterial evolution. A phage can exhibits two types of life cycles one is lytic and another is lysogenic. In lytic life cycle phage infects and rapidly kill the bacterial host via the process of generalized transduction. In lysogenic life cycle phage instead of killing the host integrates in its genome or exists as plasmid in the host cell. bacteriophages and bacteria are co-existed and evolved together in evolutionary time. Caudovirales is an order of tailed bacteriophages also known as class I bacteriophages or DNA phages. They exists in three families namely myoviridae, siphoviridae, and podoviridae. bioinformatics is playing significant role in all the areas of life sciences specially in evolutionary studies and tertiary structure prediction of macromolecules like protein, With the help of various algorithms and methods. Here in this paper an attempt is made to identify the horizontal gene transfer events in these three families of caudovirales and their hosts using ‘DNA polymerase I’ as a molecular marker. The said study is to implement the correlation between bacteria & caudovirales with the aid of advanced computational Biology named Bioinformatics which will help to pull the evolutionary relationship, thier structure and able to predict the functional elements in the said samples. SWISS model(Automated protein structure homology-modelling server),MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis), DALI (Network service for comparing protein structures in 3D) above said server and program is used to analyse the activity.

Keywords: Bacteriophage, Bacteria, Caudovirales, HGT, Structure prediction, Structure alignment, Phylogenetic tree construction.