OXIDATIVE STRESS REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN PERIODONTITIS - A REVIEW

Dr. Anju Gautam* MDS, Dr. Neelam Mittal MDS and Dr. S. P. Mishra

ABSTRACT

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of supporting periodontal tissues of the teeth, which is primarily initiated by bacterial infection and subsequently modified by anomalous (abnormal, aberrant) host response. As the oxidants and antioxidants are in dynamic equilibrium, any disturbance in one would lead to oxidative Stress. Whenever periodontitis occurs, reactive oxygen species are produced mostly by hyperactive neutrophils that could not be neutralized by antioxidant defense system, cause tissues damage. This tissues damage is mainly characterized by increased lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein damage leading to formation of oxidative stress markers. This article focuses on the reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense system in periodontitis.

Keywords: Reactive oxygen species, Antioxidants, Oxidative Stress.