CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF THE FLOWERS OF CLERODENDRUM PHLOMIDIS L.f. AND PLUMERIA ALBA L.

Mohammed Ali*, Mohammad Jameel, Showkat Rassol Mir, Zahid Zaheer Ahmad and Khuman A. Patel

ABSTRACT

Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f. (family Lamiaceae/Verbenaceae), a small tree or shrub of arid plains, is used to treat asthma, colds, coryza, cough, diabetes, gonorrhea, indigestion, inflammation, jaundice, measles, nervous disorders, piles, pox and rheumatism. Plumeria alba L. (family Apocynaceae), a deciduous, evergreen shrub, is utilized to cure blennorrhagia, herpes, syphilis, skin diseases, toothache and ulcers. The present study was carried out to analyse essential oils from the flowers of C. phlomidis and P. alba. The fresh flowers of each species were hydrodistilled individually to get the essential oils which were analyzed by GC and GC-MS techniques. The essential oil of C. phlomidis was characterized by high percentage of aliphatic (78.30%) and sesquiterpene (16.2%) constituents. In the essential oil fifty one compounds were characterized among which n-1-heptene (28.42%) was the prominent constituent followed by cis-1,2-dimethyl cyclopentane (8.01%), cis-1,3-dimethyl cyclopentane (7.55%), 3-ethyl n-pentane (6.01%) and 2,2-dimethyl n-hexane (4.90%). The essential oil of P. alba was characterized by high percentage of sesquiterpenes (89.14%) and monoterpenes (9.03%). In the essential oil twenty four compounds were identified among which ledol (38.66%) was the major component followed by globulol (20.69%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (7.83%), trans-nerolidol (7.21%), spathulenol (6.39%), trans- caryophyllene (5.01%), lavandulol (3.41%) and trans-sabinene (2.62%).

Keywords: Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f., Plumeria alba L., flowers, essential oils, isolation, chemical analysis.