CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS FROM THE FRUITS OF GARCINIA COWA, AND LEAVES OF PAEDERIA FOETIDA AND TETRASTIGMA ANGUSTIFOLIA

Aparoop Das, Kamaruz Zaman, Dipak Chetia, Mohammed Ali* and Showkat Rassol Mir

ABSTRACT

Garcinia cowa Roxb. Ex Choisy (family Clusiaceae) is an evergreen, deciduous trees. Its fruits are edible, expectorant and used to treat blood circulation, coughs, dysentery and indigestion. Paederia foetida L. (family Rubiaceae) is a perennial, climbing vine. Its leaves are effective against herpes infection, dysentery, dysuria, dyspepsia, enteritis, gastritis, rheumatism and urinary lithiasis. Tetrastigma angustifolium (Roxb.) Planch. (family Vitaceae) is a herbaceous, wiry climbers. The whole plant is edible and taken to control diabetes. Phytochemical investigation of the fruits of Garcinia cowa gave a new triterpenyl anthracenediol isopenanoate characterized as 3′-oxo- 4′, 4′,6′-trimethyl-5′-(10′,14′,18′,22′-tetramethyl hept-9′,13′,17′,22′-tetraene-8′-oxoyl)-cyclohexyl-(1→6′)]-oxy-4-isopentanoyloxy-9,11-dihydroxy-anthracene (1) and an unknown ditriterpenyl anthracene identified as 3′-oxo- 4′, 4′,6′-trimethyl-5′-(10′,14′,18′,22′-tetramethyl hept-9′,13′,17′,22′-tetraene-8′-oxoyl)-cyclohexyl-(1→6′)]- 3′′-oxo- 4′′, 4′′,6′′-trimethyl-5′′-(10′′,14′′,18′′,22′′-tetramethyl hept-9′′,13′′,17′′,21′′-tetraene-8′′-oxoyl)cyclohexyl--(4→6′′)]- 1,4-anthracene (2). The leaves of Paederia foetida afforded two known monosaccharides characterized as -D-galacturonic acid (3) and -D-glucuronic acid (4) and an essential oil composed of high percentage of 1,8-cineole (56.21%), γ-terpinene (25.16%), 3-carene (10.07%), and n-dec-3-ene (5.14%). The leaves of Tetrastigma angustifolia furnished 8-hydroxy apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), a rare apigenin glucoside and -L-xylose (6).

Keywords: Garcinia cowa fruits, Paederia foetida leaves, Tetrastigma angustifolia leaves, phytoconstituents, essential oil, isolation, characterization.