BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

*Dr. D. B. Shanthi MD

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Surgical site infections are one of the most common nosocomial infections accounting for 38% of all infections in post-surgical patients. The aim is to find out the incidence rate of surgical site infection in patients undergoing surgery in the departments of Surgery, Orthopedics, Obstetrics and Gynecology and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: Under sterile aseptic precautions, Pus exudate was collected using two sterile cotton swabs for aerobic culture and for anaerobic culture pus was aspirated in a sterile syringe and inoculated onto different culture media, The samples were processed under direct microscopic examination of Gram stained smear, preliminary identification by colony morphology and Antibiotic sensitivity testing. Results: Out of 220 cases, 137 were male patients and 83 were female patients with infection rate more in Male. Clean wound were 20, Clean contaminated wound were 71, Contaminated wound were 110 and Dirty wound were 19, with infection rate more in Contaminated wound. Elective surgeries were 98 and Emergency surgeries were 122 with infection rate more in Emergency surgeries. Culture positive were 153 and Culture negative were 67. In the culture positive cases, aerobic were 146 and anaerobic were 7. Among the aerobic isolates, staphylococcus was the most common Gram-positive organisms isolated and klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common Gram-negative organism isolated. Conclusion: Knowledge about Surgical site infection will help surgeon in diagnosis and treatment, early detection and intervention is a prerequisite in surgical patients. Although surgical wound infections cannot be completely eliminated, a reduction in infection rate to a minimum level could have significant benefits, by reducing burden to patients and their families. Intervention aimed at reducing Surgical site infection would provide cost savings and improve the efficiency of health care system.

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