GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS ATCC 14018 RESISTANT TO METRONIDAZOL AND SOURSOP LEAVES (ANNONA MURICATA LINN) PREPARATION

*Yuniarti L., Purbaningsih W., Fauzan A., Mualifa U., Ananto L., Trusda SAD., Tejasari M.

ABSTRACT

Bacterial vaginosis is a common cause of vaginal discharge caused by polymicrobial agent, mainly Gardnerella vaginalis, which many strain has known to be resistant to metronidazole. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn) had empirically used for genital cleansing to prevent and cure vaginal discharge. Its active substances: tannin, saponin, alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid and annonaceous acetogenin had previously known to have antibacterial effect. This study was aimed at finding out the active substances in aqueous extract of soursop leaves and assess its antibacterial effect on Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018. The study was an in vitro preclinical test conducted with pure experimental methods. Samples were pure culture Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018, obtained from Biofarma laboratory. Materials were aqueous extract, ethanol extract and acethyl acetat fraction of leaves of soursop (Annona muricata Linn) with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and clindamycin as positive control. Antibacterial effect on Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018 were tested using the Kirby-Bauer method on peptone starch dextrose blood agar media by measuring inhibition zone, performed four times. Results of phytochemical screening showed that the aqueous extract of soursop leaves contains active substances such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, quinones, and steroids. The result of antibacterial test showed no inhibition zone formation at either concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The conclusion was aqueous extract, ethanol extract and acethyl acetat fraction of leaves of soursop has no antibacterial effects on Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018. This result was probably due to the influence by species of plant, demography, and processing the material to concentration of active substance in leaves of soursop.

Keywords: Annona muricata Linn, bacterial vaginosis, clindamycin, Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018, metronidazole.