HYPERPIGMENTATION, CAUSE & TREATMENT CONSIDERATIONS: A REVIEW
Rahul Jaiswal*, Dr. Amit Kishor Srivastava, Gulab Chandra, Dr. Rohit Mohan, Dr. Amresh Gupta and Rupali Jaiswal
ABSTRACT
Disorders of facial hyperpigmentation, including melasma, solar lentigines and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation are most common cutaneous situations which can have an enormous impact on patients' quality of life and often prove hard to treat. Facial hyperpigmented problems are a familiar complaint in the adult population of all races. These disorders show a localized rise in pigmentation, which may be due to an increased number of melanocytes (e.g. solar lentigo) or to a rise in melanin pigment (e.g. melasma and PIH). Hyperpigmentation of skin is due to many factors. UV exposure, in inclusion to oxidative stress, raised inflammatory mediators stimulating melanogenesis. This review briefing addresses the causes of skin hyperpigmentation and extensively summarizes the status of many compounds like synthetic as well as an herbal extract currently used in skin-lightening cosmetics.
Keywords: Hyperpigmentation, Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation, Melasma, Melanogenesis, Treatment.
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