CONTRACEPTIVE PROPERTIES AND ANTIFERTILITY EFFECTS OF ANDREWS LIVER SALT ON THE HISTOMORPHOLOGY OF THE UTERUS OF ADULT FEMALE WISTAR RATS

Anyanwu G. E., Atuadu V. O.*, Nwannadi V. I., Ogbe P. C., Omire Oluedo O. L., Ugwu P. I., Nweke M. L., Ezeofor, Nwaelom

ABSTRACT

Backgroung: Globally, many unplanned pregnancies end up being aborted under safe or unsafe conditions. Andrews liver salt have been perceived by young females as an emergency contraceptive, even though it has not been proved by any scientific research or being specified by manufacturers. Objective: This work is designed to investigate the contraceptive potentials of Andrew liver salt and its antifertility effect on the histo morphology of the uterus in adult female wistar rats. Methods: Adult female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups (A-C). Normal Saline (10 mLkg), Postinor 2 (30 mgkg) and Andrew liver salt (100 mgkg) were administered to rats in group A, B and C respectively after mating. Animals were observed and sacrificed using cervical dislocation on the 15th day. The uteri were harvested for histological examination. Results: Microscopic examination of the uterus revealed endometrial mucosa lined by low columnar cells with basal nuclei, well vascularized sub-epithelial stroma. Irregular cytoplasmic vacuolation of the mucosal lining cells and the glandular cells in normal saline and postinor 2 treated rats. Andrew liver salt treated rat uteri revealed thick endometrium and myometrium, apoptosis and vacuolation of both luminal and glandular epithelial cells with marked endometrial infiltration by eosinophils and neutrophils. Multifocal hyperplasia of the epithelial linning was also observed. Conclusion: This study shows that excess use of Andrews liver salt causes endometrial hyperplasia and might prevent pregnancy.

Keywords: Andrews liver salt, Oral contraceptives, Uterus.