BIOCHEMICAL, ELECTROLYTES AND KIDNEYS HISTOLOGY OF STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCE-DIABETIC RATS EXPOSED TO HYDROMETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF CNIDOSCOLUS ACONITIFOLIUS (EUPHORBACAEA)

*Weleh, I. Iyke, (PhD), Weleh, I. Esther, (MBBS) Green. I. Kinikanwo (MBBS)

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to evaluate the biochemical, electrolyte and kidneys histology of Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats exposed to hydromethanolic leaf extract of CnidoscolusAconitifolius. Thirty Wistar rats weighing about 190g were randomly divided into six (6) groups of five (5) animals each, diabetes was induced intraperitonially using streptozotocin 60mg/bw. Group 1 served as negative control (non- diabetic) and received normal chow and water ad libitum, group 2: served as positive control group (diabetic group) and received no treatment, group 3 received 10mg/kg body weight of glibenclamide; groups 4, 5 and 6 received 100mg/kg bw, 150mg/kg bw and 200mg/kg bw of extracts of Cnidoscolusaconitifolius respectively orally for 28days. Animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for biochemicalanalysis using standard method , data analysed using SPSS version 20 and ANOVA for comparison, the kidneys collected for histopathological studies. The result shows significant (p<0.05) decrease in the serum concentration of sodium, chloride, bicarbonate and increases in the concentration of potassium, urea and creatinine. The histopathological study shows alterations in the cytoarchitecture of the renal tissues. Conclusively, the plant have the potency to disrupt the renal functions by altering the biochemical, electrolyte and histology of the kidneys.

Keywords: CnidoscolusAconitifolius, biochemical, electrolytes, Streptozotocin.