ASSOCIATION OF RISK FACTORS WITH GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE -A CASE CONTROL STUDY

Mahbuba Haque*, Parul Akhter, Asim Kumar Saha, Shah Fahmida Siddiqua, Hasina Begum and Zakia Begum

ABSTRACT

Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) consists of a group of disorders arising from tissues of placental origin. Objective: To find out the association of risk factors with gestational trophoblastic disease. Method: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Salimullha Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from March 2006 to August 2006 for a period of 6 months. There were a total of 6125 obstetric admissions during the study period, which included 40 cases of trophoblastic disease. These 40 cases of GTD attended the Outpatient Department (OPD) and emergency cases in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology during this period were selected as cases. Another 80 patients were selected as controls who had delivered a term normal baby just after the admission and had no history of GTD. Result: Incidence of GTD was 6.53 per thousand. Among 40 GTD patients, 32 (80.0%) had hydatidiform mole, 4 (10.0%) persistent trophoblastic disease, 3 (7.5%) choriocarcinoma and the rest 1 (2.5%) invasive mole. Women with age < 20 years were significantly higher in cases than controls. Nulliparity is significantly higher in cases. Blood group A or AB was significantly higher in cases than in controls. Patient with monthly income <3,000 Tk. was significantly higher in cases than controls. ANC was significantly higher in control than cases. Conclusion: The incidence of GTD in this study was 6.53 and hydatidiform mole was the highest comparing other GTD types. The disease was common in low para, in low socio-economic status and less number of ANC.

Keywords: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD), Risk factor, Choriocarcinoma.