OUTCOME OF POSTERIOR CAPSULAR OPACIFICATION IN PRESCHOOL- AND SCHOOL-AGE PATIENTS AFTER PEDIATRIC CATARACT SURGERY WITHOUT POSTERIOR CAPSULOTOMY IN TERTIARY EYE HOSPITAL, BANGLADESH.

Dr. Jamsed Faridi*, Dr. S.M.A. Mahbub, Dr. Nusrat Shahrin, Dr. Nasima Khatun, Dr. Shovana Alam and Dr. Ashiqur Rahman Akanda

ABSTRACT

Background: The most frequent postoperative consequence of cataract excision in children is posterior capsule opacification (PCO), often known as "secondary cataract." This is a rather prevalent problem in Bangladesh. Objective: In this study our main aim is to evaluate the efficacy of Posterior Capsular Opacification in Preschool- and School-Age Patients after Pediatric Cataract Surgery without Posterior Capsulotomy in a Tertiary Eye Hospital, Bangladesh. Method: This cross-sectional study carried out at tertiary eye hospital from June 2021 to February 2022. Where a total of 150 pediatric patients who underwent cataract surgery and IOL implantation were included as a population. Retinoscopy, biomicroscopy and dilated fundus examinations were done preoperatively in some patients based on extent of cataract and postoperatively in all patients. Pre- and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of compliant patients was recorded (Snellen). The diopter, brand and implantation location was recorded for implanted IOLs. Results: During the study, 55% belong to 7-9 age group. in addition, 35% had posterior polar surgery followed by 25% had nuclear, 21% had lamellar, 15% had nuclear and cortical and 4% had posterior and polar punctate. In addition, according to types of intraocular lens implanted and posterior capsular opacification status where 56% implanted Hydrophobic acrylic lens followed by 19% cases were acrylic, 25% cases were Hydrophilic-coated hydrophobic. In preoperative period 0.1-lower cases was 34% which was shifted to 11% after post operative where as in preoperative period 0.2-0.5 was 44% which was shifted to 46% after post operative. Conclusion: From our study we can say that, because young children have a high rate of PCO formation, cataract extraction with posterior capsulotomy (and anterior vitrectomy) is recommended for this age group. According to our recommendation, adequately competent surgeons should perform posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy on chosen preschool and school-age children during the same surgical session as cataract extraction.

Keywords: capsular opacification (PCO), neodymiumdoped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG), cataract extraction.